学会誌「高圧力の科学と技術」
Rev. High Pressure Sci. Technol.

Vol.5  No.3(1996) Abstract


特集-圧力誘起分子解離の最前線
Rev. High Pressure Sci. Technol. 5-3,137-142(1996)
シアノ化合物の相転移と固相重合反応
Phase Transition and Chemical Reaction in Cyanide
青木 勝敏, 山脇 浩
Katsutoshi AOKI Hiroshi YAMAWAKI
Cyanides tend to form linear chains of molecules in solid, which are tightly bonded by strong intermolecular interactions due to highly polar cyano group; they are hydrogen bonding and dipole-dipole interactions. Hydrogen cyanide and acetonitrile are prototypes of cyanides, showing characteristic structural phase transitions under pressure with rearrangement of linearly aligned molecules. Vibrational spectral study of the phase transition and chemical reaction in cyanides are reviewed.

[cyanide, Raman spectra, infrared spectra, DAC, phase transition, chemical reaction]
〒305-8565 つくば市東1-1 物質工学工業技術研究所
National Institute of Materials and Chemical Research, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565



特集-圧力誘起分子解離の最前線
Rev. High Pressure Sci. Technol. 5-3,143-149(1996)
VI族元素の圧力誘起分子解離:固体酸素のラマン分光
Pressure-induced Molecular Dissociation in VIb Elements, O, S, Se, and Te:
Raman Spectroscopy of Solid Oxygen
赤浜 裕一  川村 春樹
Yuichi AKAHAMA Haruki KAWAMURA
High-pressure Raman spectroscopy of solid oxygen has been carried out at room temperature up to 110 GPa in order to study the recently observed structural phase transition at 96 GPa. The vibron and lattice phonons of ε-phase corresponding to the transition became undetectable although the vibron wavenumber in ε-phase has shown a line pressure dependence with a coefficient of 2.33 cm-1/GPa and reached 1753 cm-1 at 94 GPa. This result pyovided evidence that the structural transition is accompanied by a insulator-metal transition. The results have been discussed with a view to molecular dissociation comparing with those of the other VIb elemental materials.

[oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, high pressure, molecular dissociation, phase transition, metallization,]
〒678-1297 兵庫県赤穂郡上郡町光都3-2-1 姫路工業大学理学部物質科学科
Department of Material Science, Faculty of Science, Himeji Institute of Technology, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigohri, Hyogo 678-1297



特集-圧力誘起分子解離の最前線
Rev. High Pressure Sci. Technol. 5-3,150-155(1996)
希ガス固体の金属化実験
Experiments on the Matellization of Rare Gas Solids under High Pressure
竹村謙一
Takemura Kenichi
Experimental aspects of pressure-induced metallization and structural change of rare gas solids are reviewed. The metallization process of xenon, which has been extensively investigated through optical measurements, is described in more detail as an example.

[rare gas solids, DAC, metallization]
〒305-0044 つくば市並木1-1 無機材質研究所
National Institute for Research in Inorganic Materials, Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044



特集-圧力誘起分子解離の最前線
Rev. High Pressure Sci. Technol. 5-3,156-162(1996)
固体ハロゲンの分子解離相転移と金属化
Molecular Dissociation and Metallization of Solid Halogens
藤久祐司1 藤井保彦2 竹村謙一3 下村理4 青木勝敏1
Hiroshi FUJIHISA Yasuhiko FUJII Kenichi TAKEMURA Osamu SHIMOMURA Katsutoshi AOKI
This article reviews our recent x-ray studies on solid halogens under high pressure. We found an empirical scaling rule including atomic coordinates for iodine and bromine. By applying the Herzfeld criterion, we also found a scaling rule for the metallization process prior to molecular dissociation. The Maximum Entropy Method was employed to analyze the powder diffraction data and obtain the electron density map in solid iodine at pressures up to 20 GPa. The electron density between adjacent iodine molecules is shown to form a two-dimensional network around 16 GPa in association with metallization.

[halogen, molecular dissociation, phase transition, metallization, electron density, MEM]
1〒305-8565 つくば市東1-1 物質工学工業技術研究所(極限反応部高圧化学グループ)
National Institute of Materials and Chemical Research, 1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565
2〒319-1106 茨城県那珂郡東海村白方106-1 東京大学物性研究所中性子散乱研究施設
Neutron Scattering Laboratory, ISSP, Univ of Tokyo, Tokai, Nakagun, Ibaraki 319-1106
3〒305-0044 つくば市並木1-1 無機材質研究所
National Institute for Research in Inorganic Materials, Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044
4〒679-5148 兵庫県佐用郡三日月町光都1-1-1 日本原子力研究所関西研究所放射光利用研究センター
1-1-1,kouto, mikadukicho, sayougun,hyogo 679-5148



特集-圧力誘起分子解離の最前線
Rev. High Pressure Sci. Technol. 5-3,163-167(1996)
分子性結晶の分子解離と金属化
Pressure-Induced Dissociation and Metallization of Molecular Crystals
浜 重一朗
Juichiro HAMA
The pressure-induced dissociation and metallization of molecular crystals are reviewed from theoretical point of view with particular references to ice and solid hydrogen. The problem on the presence of the symmetric hydrogen-bond phase of ice (ice X) is discussed and the reason why the theoretical metallization pressure of ice is very high in comparison with other molecular solids is predicated. The present theoretical aspect on the assumed molecular metallic phase of hydrogen is also discussed briefly.

[symmetric hydrogen-bond, metallization, local density approximation, band structure]
〒560-8531 豊中市待兼山町1-3 大阪大学大学院基礎工学研究科物性物理
Faculty of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyamacho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531



論文
Rev. High Pressure Sci. Technol. 5-3,168-178(1996)
高圧処理を施した浸漬米の炊飯後の微細構造と物性
Physical Properties and Fine Structure of Grains of High-Pressure-Treated Rice after Cooking
山崎 彬 杵淵美倭子 山本和弘 山田明文
Akira YAMAZAKI Miwako KINEFUCHI Kzuhiro YAMAMOTO Akifumi YAMADA
The rice grains (Oryza sativa L.Japonica, cultivar Koshihikari) harvested in Niigata prefecture in 1994 was soaked in water, and subjected to high pressure treatment at 400 MPa for 10 min. The rice thus high-pressure-treated was then boiled for cooking. The physical properties of the cooked rice were compared with those of a control rice with respect to the hardness, stickiness and conductivity immediately after cooking, and also with respect to those with time during the storage. The high-pressure-treated rice exhibited higher stickiness than the control rice immediately after cooking, but it became harder than the control rice the next day. Furthermore, the high-pressure-treated rice exhibited higher conductivity immediately after cooking than the control rice, and the conductivity increased with time during the storage. Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) indicated that the grains of the high-pressure-treated rice were swollen by the high pressure treatment, with water effectively penetrating into the peripheral portion of each starch granule, and when such rice was cooked, deep vacant holes and thick walls of starch gel were formed in each grain. It has been confirmed that the rice subjected to such high pressure treatment, when cooked, is tasty even after becoming hard with time during storage.

[high pressure treatment, cooked rice, tensipresser, conductivity, SEM]
〒940-0056 長岡市呉服町1-4-5 越後製菓(株)総合研究所社長室
Research Institute, Echigo Seika Co.,Ltd., 1-4-5 Gohukucho, Nagaoka 940-0056



実験ワンポイント
Rev. High Pressure Sci. Technol. 5-3,179-183(1996)
水熱化学実験法
Experimental Technique for Hydrothermal Chemistry
山崎仲道
Nakamichi YAMAZAKI
Various mini-autoclaves for hydrothermal reactions are introduced. Accessary processes such are electrode, gas-pressuring, ball milling, phase separation and others under hydrothermal conditions are shown for originarity for hydrothermal research.

[hydrothermal, autoclave, reaction field]
〒769-1103 香川県三豊群詫間町香田80 神島化学工業(株)技術開発本部
Kouda80, Takuma-cho, Sanhougun, Kagawa 769-1103



〒606-0805
京都市左京区下鴨森本町 15 (財)生産開発科学研究所内
日本高圧力学会事務局
Tel (075)721-0376 Fax (075)723-9629
koatsu@mbox.kyoto-inet.or.jp